There are two types of vaccines available:
· The "flu shot" — an inactivated vaccine (containing killed virus) that is given with a needle, usually in the arm. The flu shot is approved for use in people older than 6 months, including healthy people and people with chronic medical conditions.
- Available as monovalent, inactivated influenza A virus vaccine (H1N1) for IM injection. Indicated for active immunization against influenza caused by pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus. Stimulates active immunity to influenza virus infection by inducing production of specific antibodies.
- Adult IM injection: 0.5 mL IM in deltoid muscle of upper arm (1 dose)
- Pediatric IM injection (Sanofi Pasteur and CSL Limited vaccines)
- 6-35 months: 0.25 mL IM; administer 2 injections approximately 4 wk apart
- 3-9 years: 0.5 mL IM; administer 2 injections approximately 4 wk apart
- 10-17 years: Administer as in adults
- IM injection (Novartis vaccine)
- 4-9 years: 0.5 mL IM; administer 2 injections approximately 4 wk apart
- 10-17 years: Administer as in adults
- Administer IM injection in anterolateral aspect of thigh for infants, and administer in deltoid muscle of upper arm in toddlers and children
- Avoid gluteal region or areas with major nerve trunk
Available as monovalent live virus vaccine for intranasal administration. Indicated for active immunization against influenza caused by pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus.
Stimulates active immunity to influenza virus infection by inducing production of specific antibodies.
Adult
Intranasal (10-49 years): 0.2 mL/dose (0.1 mL per nostril) intranasally (1 dose)
Intranasal (10-49 years): 0.2 mL/dose (0.1 mL per nostril) intranasally (1 dose)
Pediatric
Intranasal (MedImmune vaccine)
2-9 years: 0.2 mL/dose (0.1 mL per nostril) intranasally; administer 2 doses approximately 4 wk apart
>9 years: Administer as in adults
Intranasal (MedImmune vaccine)
2-9 years: 0.2 mL/dose (0.1 mL per nostril) intranasally; administer 2 doses approximately 4 wk apart
>9 years: Administer as in adults
1. Pregnant women
2. Children younger than 5, but especially children younger than 2 years old
3. People 50 years of age and older
4. People of any age with certain chronic medical conditions
5. People who live in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities
6. People who live with or care for those at high risk for complications from flu, including:
a. Health care workers
b. Household contacts of persons at high risk for complications from the flu
c. Household contacts and out of home caregivers of children less than 6 months of age (these children are too young to be vaccinated)
There are some people who should not get a flu vaccine without first consulting a physician. These include:
1. People who have a severe allergy to chicken eggs.
2. People who have had a severe reaction to an influenza vaccination.
3. People who developed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) within 6 weeks of getting an influenza vaccine.
4. Children less than 6 months of age (vaccine is not approved for this age group), and
5. People who have a moderate-to-severe illness with a fever (they should wait until they recover to get vaccinated.)
Different side effects can be associated with the flu shot and LAIV.
The flu shot (Injection): The viruses in the flu shot are killed (inactivated), so you cannot get the flu from a flu shot. Some minor side effects that could occur are:
· Soreness, redness, or swelling where the shot was given
· Fever (low grade)
· Aches
If these problems occur, they begin soon after the shot and usually last 1 to 2 days.
In children, side effects from LAIV (FluMist®) can include:
· runny nose
· wheezing
· headache
· vomiting
· muscle aches
· fever
In adults, side effects from LAIV (FluMist®) can include
· runny nose
· headache
· sore throat
· cough
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